chemsample-lab1-results

__**Microscale Dehydration of Cylcohexanol (Using Glassware with Elastomeric Connectors) – Regular Quantities**__ Conducted by:Student A + B

Distillation of our solution ran for approx. 25 minutes, ceasing after interior distiller temperature reached 85oC. Thereafter, we ended heating and stirring of the solution, and allowed our distillate to cool & separate within a 5 mL receiver vial. The organic and acidic layers were separated—acidic layer disposed of; organic layer treated with anhydrous calcium chloride. Note: The application of this solvent is to eliminate any traces of water that is left over from the distillation. Another solvent we could have used is Magnesium Sulfate. Both of these solvents are polar, therefore both will perform this task. We used what was available to us at the time.

5 mL sample vial: 6.184 g 5 mL sample vial + isolate: 6.658 g Recovered product: 0.474 g cyclohexene
 * Results:**

//Percent yield//: [0.474 g] / [1.422 g] = 0.3333 * 100% = //33.33 %// Note: Percent yield is explained in the discussion.

//Testing for the presence of alcohol using Ammonium Cerium (IV) Nitrate test// – Ammonium Cerium (IV) Nitrate + 1,4 – dioxane + //cyclohexanol//: After about 20 minutes the solution was clear (it began as a mixture of red / orange / yellow). Ammonium Cerium (IV) Nitrate + 1,4 – dioxane + //Cyclohexene// (//stock//): Again, after about 10 minutes the solution was clear (from a red / orange / yellow origin). Ammonium Cerium (IV) Nitrate + 1,4 – dioxane + //Organic// //Product//: No color change observed over ten minutes.
 * Product Characterization:**

//Testing for the presence of alkenes using Bromine (Br2)// – Stock cyclohexanol + Br2 in a spot plate well: Rendered the solution //clear//. Cyclohexene product + Br2 in a spot plate well: Yielded a deep brown / red color.

__**Microscale Dehydration of Cylcohexanol– Double Quantities**__ conducted by: Student C + D We ran our distillation apparatus for the better part of an hour with no resulting liquid. The temperature reached over a hundred degrees. Two layers did appear in the original flat bottomed 10 mL flask. The bottom layer was a yellow color. There was a dark brown "film" on the top part of the liquid in the 5 mL flask. Because of these results, no further tests were run.


 * [[image:photo.jpg]]results from double quantities ||
 * [[image:photo.jpg]]results from double quantities ||

Conducted by Student E + F After running the distillation apparatus for almost an hour we stopped the process when the temperature reached 85 degrees C. At this time we also witnessed a significant color change in the prepared mixture. From about 38 degrees C to 70 degrees C, the mixture began to turn various shade of yellow, becoming increasingly darker up until the end of the distillation. After shutting off the heat and magnetic stirrer, the system then cool and we collected our recoverd product into a test tube. Oddly, our product had a very small and insignificant amount of the acidic layer. Most of our product was the organic layer and we then treated it with the anyhydrous calcium chloride. Afterward, we transferred the treated product into the sample vial for measurement and characterization.
 * __Semi-Microscale Dehydration of Cyclohexanol__**

Wieght of sample vial: 6.163g Weight of vial and product: 7.254g Weight of Product: 1.091g
 * Product results**:

3.05 mL cyclohexanol x 0.948 g/mL = 2.89g //Percent yield//: [1.091 g] / [2.890 g] = 0.378 * 100% = //37.80 %//

//Testing for the presence of alcohol using Ammonium Cerium (IV) Nitrate test// – Ammonium Cerium (IV) Nitrate + 1,4 – dioxane & //Cyclohexanol//: color changed to orange-red Ammonium Cerium (IV) Nitrate + 1,4 – dioxane & //Cyclohexene//: No color change Ammonium Cerium (IV) Nitrate + 1,4 – dioxane & //product//: No color change
 * Product Characterization:**

//Testing for the presence of alkenes using Bromine (Br2)// – Cyclohexanol + Br2: color changed to light yellow Cyclohexene + Br2: no color change Product + Br2: no color change

//Refractive Index:// 1.442

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